#define GLFW_INCLUDE_VULKAN #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include const uint32_t WIDTH = 800; const uint32_t HEIGHT = 600; namespace Heck { struct VulkanBase { VulkanBase(GLFWwindow& window) : window(window) { deviceExtensions.emplace_back(VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME); } VulkanBase() = delete; VulkanBase(VulkanBase& other) = delete; VulkanBase(VulkanBase&& other) = delete; VulkanBase& operator=(VulkanBase& rhs) = delete; VulkanBase& operator=(VulkanBase&& rhs) = delete; ~VulkanBase() = default; struct QueueFamilyIndices { std::optional graphicsFamily; std::optional presentFamily; bool isComplete() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); return graphicsFamily.has_value() && presentFamily.has_value(); } }; struct SwapChainSupportDetails { VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR capabilities; std::vector formats; std::vector presentModes; }; std::vector deviceExtensions{}; GLFWwindow& window; VkInstance instance{}; VkSurfaceKHR surface{}; VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDevice device{}; VkQueue graphicsQueue{}; VkQueue presentQueue{}; VkSwapchainKHR swapChain{}; std::vector swapChainImages{}; VkFormat swapChainImageFormat{}; VkExtent2D swapChainExtent{}; std::vector swapChainImageViews{}; VkPipelineLayout pipelineLayout{}; VkRenderPass renderPass{}; VkPipeline graphicsPipeline{}; std::vector swapChainFramebuffers{}; VkCommandPool commandPool{}; VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer{}; VkSemaphore imageAvailableSemaphore{}; VkSemaphore renderFinishedSemaphore{}; VkFence inFlightFence{}; void init() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); createInstance(); createSurface(); pickPhysicalDevice(); createLogicalDevice(); createSwapChain(); createImageViews(); createRenderPass(); createGraphicsPipeline(); createFramebuffers(); createCommandPool(); createCommandBuffer(); createSyncObjects(); } void createInstance() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); VkInstanceCreateInfo createInfo{}; VkApplicationInfo appInfo{}; appInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO; appInfo.pApplicationName = "Hello Triangle"; appInfo.applicationVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0); appInfo.pEngineName = "No Engine"; appInfo.engineVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0); appInfo.apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION_1_0; createInfo.pApplicationInfo = &appInfo; createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO; uint32_t glfwExtensionCount = 0; const char** glfwExtensions = glfwGetRequiredInstanceExtensions(&glfwExtensionCount); createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = glfwExtensionCount; createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = glfwExtensions; createInfo.enabledLayerCount = 0; std::vector requiredExtensions{}; for (uint32_t i = 0; i < glfwExtensionCount; i++) { requiredExtensions.emplace_back(glfwExtensions[i]); } requiredExtensions.emplace_back(VK_KHR_PORTABILITY_ENUMERATION_EXTENSION_NAME); createInfo.flags |= VK_INSTANCE_CREATE_ENUMERATE_PORTABILITY_BIT_KHR; createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = (uint32_t)requiredExtensions.size(); createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = requiredExtensions.data(); if (vkCreateInstance(&createInfo, nullptr, &instance) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create instance!"); } } void createSurface() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); if (glfwCreateWindowSurface(instance, &window, nullptr, &surface) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create window surface!"); } } QueueFamilyIndices findQueueFamilies(VkPhysicalDevice device) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); QueueFamilyIndices indices{}; uint32_t queueFamilyCount = 0; vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(device, &queueFamilyCount, nullptr); std::vector queueFamilies(queueFamilyCount); vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(device, &queueFamilyCount, queueFamilies.data()); int i = 0; for (const auto& queueFamily : queueFamilies) { HECK_LOG_INFO("Checking queue family nr:" << 0); if (queueFamily.queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) { indices.graphicsFamily = i; } VkBool32 presentSupport = false; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(device, i, surface, &presentSupport); if (presentSupport) { indices.presentFamily = i; } if (indices.isComplete()) { break; } i++; } return indices; } void pickPhysicalDevice() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); uint32_t deviceCount = 0; vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &deviceCount, nullptr); HECK_LOG_INFO("devices found:" << deviceCount); if (deviceCount == 0) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to find GPUs with Vulkan support!"); } std::vector devices{ deviceCount }; vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &deviceCount, devices.data()); for (const VkPhysicalDevice& device : devices) { if (isDeviceSuitable(device)) { physicalDevice = device; break; } } if (physicalDevice == VK_NULL_HANDLE) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to find a suitable GPU!"); } } void createLogicalDevice() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); QueueFamilyIndices indices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice); std::vector queueCreateInfos; std::set uniqueQueueFamilies = { indices.graphicsFamily.value(), indices.presentFamily.value() }; float queuePriority = 1.0f; for (uint32_t queueFamily : uniqueQueueFamilies) { VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queueCreateInfo{}; queueCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO; queueCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamily; queueCreateInfo.queueCount = 1; queueCreateInfo.pQueuePriorities = &queuePriority; queueCreateInfos.push_back(queueCreateInfo); } VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures deviceFeatures{}; VkDeviceCreateInfo createInfo{}; createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO; createInfo.queueCreateInfoCount = static_cast(queueCreateInfos.size()); createInfo.pQueueCreateInfos = queueCreateInfos.data(); createInfo.pEnabledFeatures = &deviceFeatures; createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = static_cast(deviceExtensions.size()); createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = deviceExtensions.data(); createInfo.enabledLayerCount = 0; if (vkCreateDevice(physicalDevice, &createInfo, nullptr, &device) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create logical device!"); } vkGetDeviceQueue(device, indices.graphicsFamily.value(), 0, &graphicsQueue); vkGetDeviceQueue(device, indices.presentFamily.value(), 0, &presentQueue); } bool isDeviceSuitable(VkPhysicalDevice device) { HECK_LOG_INFO(device); bool ret = false; QueueFamilyIndices indices = findQueueFamilies(device); bool extensionsSupported = checkDeviceExtensionSupport(device); bool swapChainAdequate = false; if (extensionsSupported) { SwapChainSupportDetails swapChainSupport = querySwapChainSupport(device); swapChainAdequate = !swapChainSupport.formats.empty() && !swapChainSupport.presentModes.empty(); } if (indices.isComplete() && extensionsSupported && swapChainAdequate) { HECK_LOG_INFO("device is suitable"); ret = true; } else { HECK_LOG_INFO("device not suitable"); ret = false; } return ret; } void createSwapChain() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); SwapChainSupportDetails swapChainSupport = querySwapChainSupport(physicalDevice); VkSurfaceFormatKHR surfaceFormat = chooseSwapSurfaceFormat(swapChainSupport.formats); VkPresentModeKHR presentMode = chooseSwapPresentMode(swapChainSupport.presentModes); VkExtent2D extent = chooseSwapExtent(swapChainSupport.capabilities); uint32_t imageCount = swapChainSupport.capabilities.minImageCount + 1; if (swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageCount > 0 && imageCount > swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageCount) { imageCount = swapChainSupport.capabilities.maxImageCount; } VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR createInfo{}; createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR; createInfo.surface = surface; createInfo.minImageCount = imageCount; createInfo.imageFormat = surfaceFormat.format; createInfo.imageColorSpace = surfaceFormat.colorSpace; createInfo.imageExtent = extent; createInfo.imageArrayLayers = 1; createInfo.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT; QueueFamilyIndices indices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice); uint32_t queueFamilyIndices[] = { indices.graphicsFamily.value(), indices.presentFamily.value() }; if (indices.graphicsFamily != indices.presentFamily) { createInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT; createInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2; createInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = queueFamilyIndices; } else { createInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE; } createInfo.preTransform = swapChainSupport.capabilities.currentTransform; createInfo.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR; createInfo.presentMode = presentMode; createInfo.clipped = VK_TRUE; createInfo.oldSwapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE; if (vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &swapChain) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create swap chain!"); } vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(device, swapChain, &imageCount, nullptr); swapChainImages.resize(imageCount); vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(device, swapChain, &imageCount, swapChainImages.data()); swapChainImageFormat = surfaceFormat.format; swapChainExtent = extent; } VkSurfaceFormatKHR chooseSwapSurfaceFormat(const std::vector& availableFormats) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); for (const auto& availableFormat : availableFormats) { if (availableFormat.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_SRGB && availableFormat.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR) { return availableFormat; } } return availableFormats[0]; } VkPresentModeKHR chooseSwapPresentMode(const std::vector& availablePresentModes) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); for (const auto& availablePresentMode : availablePresentModes) { if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) { return availablePresentMode; } } return VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR; } VkExtent2D chooseSwapExtent(const VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR& capabilities) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); if (capabilities.currentExtent.width != std::numeric_limits::max()) { return capabilities.currentExtent; } else { int width; int height; glfwGetFramebufferSize(&window, &width, &height); VkExtent2D actualExtent = { static_cast(width), static_cast(height) }; actualExtent.width = std::clamp( actualExtent.width, capabilities.minImageExtent.width, capabilities.maxImageExtent.width); actualExtent.height = std::clamp( actualExtent.height, capabilities.minImageExtent.height, capabilities.maxImageExtent.height); return actualExtent; } } bool checkDeviceExtensionSupport(VkPhysicalDevice device) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); uint32_t extensionCount; vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(device, nullptr, &extensionCount, nullptr); std::vector availableExtensions(extensionCount); vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties( device, nullptr, &extensionCount, availableExtensions.data()); std::set requiredExtensions(deviceExtensions.begin(), deviceExtensions.end()); for (const auto& extension : availableExtensions) { requiredExtensions.erase(extension.extensionName); } return requiredExtensions.empty(); } SwapChainSupportDetails querySwapChainSupport(VkPhysicalDevice device) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); SwapChainSupportDetails details; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(device, surface, &details.capabilities); uint32_t formatCount; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(device, surface, &formatCount, nullptr); if (formatCount != 0) { details.formats.resize(formatCount); vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR( device, surface, &formatCount, details.formats.data()); } uint32_t presentModeCount; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(device, surface, &presentModeCount, nullptr); if (presentModeCount != 0) { details.presentModes.resize(presentModeCount); vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR( device, surface, &presentModeCount, details.presentModes.data()); } return details; } void createImageViews() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); swapChainImageViews.resize(swapChainImages.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < swapChainImages.size(); i++) { HECK_LOG_INFO("Creating swap chain image nr: " << i); VkImageViewCreateInfo createInfo{}; createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO; createInfo.image = swapChainImages[i]; createInfo.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; createInfo.format = swapChainImageFormat; createInfo.components.r = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY; createInfo.components.g = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY; createInfo.components.b = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY; createInfo.components.a = VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_IDENTITY; createInfo.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT; createInfo.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0; createInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1; createInfo.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0; createInfo.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1; if (vkCreateImageView(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &swapChainImageViews[i]) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create image views!"); } } } void createGraphicsPipeline() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); auto vertShaderCode = readFile("../shaders/base.vert.spv"); auto fragShaderCode = readFile("../shaders/base.frag.spv"); VkShaderModule vertShaderModule = createShaderModule(vertShaderCode); VkShaderModule fragShaderModule = createShaderModule(fragShaderCode); VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo vertShaderStageInfo{}; vertShaderStageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; vertShaderStageInfo.stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT; vertShaderStageInfo.module = vertShaderModule; vertShaderStageInfo.pName = "main"; VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo fragShaderStageInfo{}; fragShaderStageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; fragShaderStageInfo.stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; fragShaderStageInfo.module = fragShaderModule; fragShaderStageInfo.pName = "main"; VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo shaderStages[] = { vertShaderStageInfo, fragShaderStageInfo }; VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vertexInputInfo{}; vertexInputInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO; vertexInputInfo.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 0; vertexInputInfo.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 0; VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo inputAssembly{}; inputAssembly.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO; inputAssembly.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST; inputAssembly.primitiveRestartEnable = VK_FALSE; VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo viewportState{}; viewportState.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO; viewportState.viewportCount = 1; viewportState.scissorCount = 1; VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rasterizer{}; rasterizer.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO; rasterizer.depthClampEnable = VK_FALSE; rasterizer.rasterizerDiscardEnable = VK_FALSE; rasterizer.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL; rasterizer.lineWidth = 1.0f; rasterizer.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_BACK_BIT; rasterizer.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_CLOCKWISE; rasterizer.depthBiasEnable = VK_FALSE; VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo multisampling{}; multisampling.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO; multisampling.sampleShadingEnable = VK_FALSE; multisampling.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT; VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState colorBlendAttachment{}; colorBlendAttachment.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT; colorBlendAttachment.blendEnable = VK_FALSE; VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo colorBlending{}; colorBlending.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO; colorBlending.logicOpEnable = VK_FALSE; colorBlending.logicOp = VK_LOGIC_OP_COPY; colorBlending.attachmentCount = 1; colorBlending.pAttachments = &colorBlendAttachment; colorBlending.blendConstants[0] = 0.0f; colorBlending.blendConstants[1] = 0.0f; colorBlending.blendConstants[2] = 0.0f; colorBlending.blendConstants[3] = 0.0f; std::vector dynamicStates = { VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT, VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR }; VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dynamicState{}; dynamicState.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO; dynamicState.dynamicStateCount = static_cast(dynamicStates.size()); dynamicState.pDynamicStates = dynamicStates.data(); VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo pipelineLayoutInfo{}; pipelineLayoutInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO; pipelineLayoutInfo.setLayoutCount = 0; pipelineLayoutInfo.pushConstantRangeCount = 0; if (vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &pipelineLayoutInfo, nullptr, &pipelineLayout) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create pipeline layout!"); } VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo pipelineInfo{}; pipelineInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO; pipelineInfo.stageCount = 2; pipelineInfo.pStages = shaderStages; pipelineInfo.pVertexInputState = &vertexInputInfo; pipelineInfo.pInputAssemblyState = &inputAssembly; pipelineInfo.pViewportState = &viewportState; pipelineInfo.pRasterizationState = &rasterizer; pipelineInfo.pMultisampleState = &multisampling; pipelineInfo.pColorBlendState = &colorBlending; pipelineInfo.pDynamicState = &dynamicState; pipelineInfo.layout = pipelineLayout; pipelineInfo.renderPass = renderPass; pipelineInfo.subpass = 0; pipelineInfo.basePipelineHandle = VK_NULL_HANDLE; if (vkCreateGraphicsPipelines( device, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &pipelineInfo, nullptr, &graphicsPipeline) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create graphics pipeline!"); } vkDestroyShaderModule(device, fragShaderModule, nullptr); vkDestroyShaderModule(device, vertShaderModule, nullptr); } VkShaderModule createShaderModule(const std::vector& code) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); VkShaderModuleCreateInfo createInfo{}; createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO; createInfo.codeSize = code.size(); createInfo.pCode = reinterpret_cast(code.data()); VkShaderModule shaderModule; if (vkCreateShaderModule(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &shaderModule) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create shader module!"); } return shaderModule; } void createRenderPass() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); VkAttachmentDescription colorAttachment{}; colorAttachment.format = swapChainImageFormat; colorAttachment.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT; colorAttachment.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; colorAttachment.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE; colorAttachment.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; colorAttachment.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE; colorAttachment.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; colorAttachment.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR; VkAttachmentReference colorAttachmentRef{}; colorAttachmentRef.attachment = 0; colorAttachmentRef.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL; VkSubpassDescription subpass{}; subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS; subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpass.pColorAttachments = &colorAttachmentRef; VkSubpassDependency dependency{}; dependency.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL; dependency.dstSubpass = 0; dependency.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; dependency.srcAccessMask = 0; dependency.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; dependency.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT; VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo{}; renderPassInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO; renderPassInfo.attachmentCount = 1; renderPassInfo.pAttachments = &colorAttachment; renderPassInfo.subpassCount = 1; renderPassInfo.pSubpasses = &subpass; renderPassInfo.dependencyCount = 1; renderPassInfo.pDependencies = &dependency; if (vkCreateRenderPass(device, &renderPassInfo, nullptr, &renderPass) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create render pass!"); } } void createFramebuffers() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); swapChainFramebuffers.resize(swapChainImageViews.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < swapChainImageViews.size(); i++) { VkImageView attachments[] = { swapChainImageViews[i] }; VkFramebufferCreateInfo framebufferInfo{}; framebufferInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO; framebufferInfo.renderPass = renderPass; framebufferInfo.attachmentCount = 1; framebufferInfo.pAttachments = attachments; framebufferInfo.width = swapChainExtent.width; framebufferInfo.height = swapChainExtent.height; framebufferInfo.layers = 1; if (vkCreateFramebuffer(device, &framebufferInfo, nullptr, &swapChainFramebuffers[i]) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create framebuffer!"); } } } void createCommandPool() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); QueueFamilyIndices queueFamilyIndices = findQueueFamilies(physicalDevice); VkCommandPoolCreateInfo poolInfo{}; poolInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO; poolInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT; poolInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndices.graphicsFamily.value(); if (vkCreateCommandPool(device, &poolInfo, nullptr, &commandPool) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create command pool!"); } } void createCommandBuffer() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo allocInfo{}; allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO; allocInfo.commandPool = commandPool; allocInfo.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; allocInfo.commandBufferCount = 1; if (vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &allocInfo, &commandBuffer) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to allocate command buffers!"); } } void recordCommandBuffer(VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer, uint32_t imageIndex) { VkCommandBufferBeginInfo beginInfo{}; beginInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO; if (vkBeginCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, &beginInfo) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to begin recording command buffer!"); } VkRenderPassBeginInfo renderPassInfo{}; renderPassInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO; renderPassInfo.renderPass = renderPass; renderPassInfo.framebuffer = swapChainFramebuffers[imageIndex]; renderPassInfo.renderArea.offset = { 0, 0 }; renderPassInfo.renderArea.extent = swapChainExtent; VkClearValue clearColor = { { { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f } } }; renderPassInfo.clearValueCount = 1; renderPassInfo.pClearValues = &clearColor; vkCmdBeginRenderPass(commandBuffer, &renderPassInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE); vkCmdBindPipeline(commandBuffer, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, graphicsPipeline); VkViewport viewport{}; viewport.x = 0.0f; viewport.y = 0.0f; viewport.width = static_cast(swapChainExtent.width); viewport.height = static_cast(swapChainExtent.height); viewport.minDepth = 0.0f; viewport.maxDepth = 1.0f; vkCmdSetViewport(commandBuffer, 0, 1, &viewport); VkRect2D scissor{}; scissor.offset = { 0, 0 }; scissor.extent = swapChainExtent; vkCmdSetScissor(commandBuffer, 0, 1, &scissor); vkCmdDraw(commandBuffer, 3, 1, 0, 0); vkCmdEndRenderPass(commandBuffer); if (vkEndCommandBuffer(commandBuffer) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to record command buffer!"); } } void createSyncObjects() { VkSemaphoreCreateInfo semaphoreInfo{}; semaphoreInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO; VkFenceCreateInfo fenceInfo{}; fenceInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO; fenceInfo.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT; if (vkCreateSemaphore(device, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &imageAvailableSemaphore) != VK_SUCCESS || vkCreateSemaphore(device, &semaphoreInfo, nullptr, &renderFinishedSemaphore) != VK_SUCCESS || vkCreateFence(device, &fenceInfo, nullptr, &inFlightFence) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to create synchronization objects for a frame!"); } } void drawFrame() { vkWaitForFences(device, 1, &inFlightFence, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX); vkResetFences(device, 1, &inFlightFence); uint32_t imageIndex; vkAcquireNextImageKHR( device, swapChain, UINT64_MAX, imageAvailableSemaphore, VK_NULL_HANDLE, &imageIndex); vkResetCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, /*VkCommandBufferResetFlagBits*/ 0); recordCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, imageIndex); VkSubmitInfo submitInfo{}; submitInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO; VkSemaphore waitSemaphores[] = { imageAvailableSemaphore }; VkPipelineStageFlags waitStages[] = { VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT }; submitInfo.waitSemaphoreCount = 1; submitInfo.pWaitSemaphores = waitSemaphores; submitInfo.pWaitDstStageMask = waitStages; submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1; submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &commandBuffer; VkSemaphore signalSemaphores[] = { renderFinishedSemaphore }; submitInfo.signalSemaphoreCount = 1; submitInfo.pSignalSemaphores = signalSemaphores; if (vkQueueSubmit(graphicsQueue, 1, &submitInfo, inFlightFence) != VK_SUCCESS) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to submit draw command buffer!"); } VkPresentInfoKHR presentInfo{}; presentInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR; presentInfo.waitSemaphoreCount = 1; presentInfo.pWaitSemaphores = signalSemaphores; VkSwapchainKHR swapChains[] = { swapChain }; presentInfo.swapchainCount = 1; presentInfo.pSwapchains = swapChains; presentInfo.pImageIndices = &imageIndex; vkQueuePresentKHR(presentQueue, &presentInfo); } void cleanup() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); vkDestroySemaphore(device, renderFinishedSemaphore, nullptr); vkDestroySemaphore(device, imageAvailableSemaphore, nullptr); vkDestroyFence(device, inFlightFence, nullptr); vkDestroyCommandPool(device, commandPool, nullptr); for (auto framebuffer : swapChainFramebuffers) { vkDestroyFramebuffer(device, framebuffer, nullptr); } vkDestroyPipeline(device, graphicsPipeline, nullptr); vkDestroyRenderPass(device, renderPass, nullptr); vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, pipelineLayout, nullptr); for (auto imageView : swapChainImageViews) { vkDestroyImageView(device, imageView, nullptr); } vkDestroySwapchainKHR(device, swapChain, nullptr); vkDestroyDevice(device, nullptr); vkDestroySurfaceKHR(instance, surface, nullptr); vkDestroyInstance(instance, nullptr); } static std::vector readFile(const std::string& filename) { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); std::ifstream file(filename, std::ios::ate | std::ios::binary); if (!file.is_open()) { throw std::runtime_error("failed to open file!"); } size_t fileSize = (size_t)file.tellg(); std::vector buffer(fileSize); file.seekg(0); file.read(buffer.data(), fileSize); file.close(); return buffer; } }; } // namespace Heck GLFWwindow* window = nullptr; Heck::VulkanBase *vb = nullptr; void init() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); glfwInit(); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CLIENT_API, GLFW_NO_API); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GLFW_FALSE); window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "Vulkan", nullptr, nullptr); } void mainLoop() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) { glfwPollEvents(); vb->drawFrame(); } vkDeviceWaitIdle(vb->device); } void cleanup() { HECK_LOG_INFO(""); glfwDestroyWindow(window); glfwTerminate(); } int main() { Heck::Log::set_level(HECK_LOG_LEVEL_ALL); init(); Heck::VulkanBase _vb{ *window }; vb = &_vb; vb->init(); mainLoop(); vb->cleanup(); cleanup(); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }